Orbit
Therapy for Orbital injury
Cataracts:
Cataracts are treated by surgery which is effective and straightforward.
Link: Cataract surgery
Acute glaucoma:
- Beta-Blocker, alpha-agonist, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and prostaglandin analog eye drops can help to lower the intraocular pressure4
- An eye severely damaged by RT with acute angle glaucoma which is very painful and blind may require enucleation.
Orbital hypoplasia:
- There is no medical treatment to reverse radiation therapy (RT) induced retardation of bone growth4
- Patients who have severe orbital hypoplasia secondary to RT may benefit from cosmetic surgery
- Surgery should be carefully planned by a multidisciplinary team
- Patients benefit from hyperbaric oxygen therapy prior to surgery as there can be serious problems related to delayed wound healing (the normal tissues in the previous RT field are scarred and have a very poor blood supply)
Dry eye:
- Topical therapies like corticosteroids or cyclosporine drops can help6
- Local measures such as punctual plugs or scleral lenses can provide symptomatic relief6
- RT induced dry eye can be treated with tear supplementation, punctal occlusion and eyelid tarsorrhaphy7
Conjunctivitis
- Antibiotic eye drops with corticosteroids can be used to treat prolonged conjunctivitis and conjunctival ulceration4
Uveitis:
- Therapy for non-infectious uveitis includes steroid ophthalmic drops and dilation drops to reduce inflammation, paralyze the ciliary body for pain control and pull the iris away from the lens4
Chronic retinal damage:
- Laser photocoagulation can be used to treat retinal edema and chronic retinal ischemia through this would be determine by eye specialists4
- RT induced retinopathy can be treated by using laser to decrease chorioretinal ischemia and intravitreal use of anti VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) medications can prevent early vision loss related to radiation maculopathy and anterior optic neuropathy7,16,19,20
